Electrode implant for Spinal Cord Stimulation

Facundo Villamil; Fabián César Piedimonte

doi:10.47924/neurotarget2025480

Autores/as

Facundo Villamil Departamento de Neurocirugía. FLENI. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-9324
Fabián César Piedimonte Fundación CENIT para la Investigación en Neurociencias. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4661-4449

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47924/neurotarget2025480

Palabras clave:

estimulación de la médula espinal, electrodos percutáneos, electrodos en paleta, implante de electrodos

Resumen

La Estimulación de la Médula Espinal es una técnica bien establecida para el tratamiento del dolor refractario con sus indicaciones precisas. Estudios, incluidos ensayos controlados aleatorios, han demostrado resultados superiores con el uso de Estimulación de la Médula Espinal en comparación con el manejo médico conservador y la cirugía lumbar repetida para el tratamiento de síndromes de dolor crónico, como el síndrome de cirugía de espalda fallida.
Los sistemas de Estimulación de la Médula Espinal pueden utilizar electrodos percutáneos o en paleta. Los electrodos percutáneos tienen la ventaja de que pueden ser implantados por médicos intervencionistas o anestesiólogos, por lo que se usan con más frecuencia, mientras que los electrodos en paleta requieren una implantación quirúrgica mediante laminotomía o laminectomía realizada por un cirujano. Ambos tipos de electrodos tienen ventajas y desventajas.
En este artículo hablaremos de las consideraciones prequirúrgicas y la técnica de implantación de los electrodos de paleta para la Estimulación de la Médula Espinal, como también de los riesgos, beneficios, y consideraciones quirúrgicas que deben tenerse en cuenta para lograr un buen resultado, siguiendo las recomendaciones del NACC.

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