Abriendo la compuerta para el entendimiento del Dolor (Ronald Melzack, Patrick D. Wall-1965)

Juan Carlos Acevedo González

doi:10.47924/neurotarget2011281

Autores/as

Juan Carlos Acevedo González Hospital Universitario de San Ignacio. Bogotá. Colombia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47924/neurotarget2011281

Palabras clave:

dolor, teoría de la compuerta, Ronald Melzack, Patrick Wall

Resumen

El entendimiento del dolor a través de la historia ha sido marcado por eventos que han cambiado radicalmente el curso de las investigaciones y consecuentemente de los tratamientos. Cuando Melzack y Wall desarrollaron la “Teoría de la Compuerta” lograron aclarar fenómenos elementales del dolor y crearon tópicos de investigaciones básicas y clínicas. Dieron sustento, con su teoría, a múltiples tratamientos de dolor que son la base de procedimientos que en la actualidad realizamos. Los aspectos psicológicos, el componente clínico y la base estructural anatomofisiológica fueron poco a poco conformando una de las teorías más completas de la ciencia médica y por supuesto principio básico para el mejor tratamiento del dolor. Son 50 años que se cumplen de la publicación de aquel artículo en la revista Science (Pain Mechanism: a new theory. A gate control system modulates sensory input from the skin before it evoques pain perception and response. Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall. Science. 19 november 1965, volumen 150, number 3699), el cual ha sido reconocido hasta la actualidad como la referencia bibliográfica más utilizada en la ciencia médica en los últimos 50 años. Este análisis no es solo científico sino humano, permitiendo recordar esta teoría básica y conociendo la biografía de dos científicos.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Citas

Melzack R, Wall PD. On the nature of cutaneous sensory mechanisms. Brain 1962;85:331-356.

Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: A new theory. Science 1965;150:971-979.

Melzack R, Wall PD, Ty TC. Acute pain in the emergency clinic; Latency of onset and descriptor patterns related to different injuries. Pain 1982;14:33-43.

Wall PD. The gate control theory of pain mechanisms. A re-examination and re-statement. Brain 1978;101:1-18.

Wall PD. Do nerve impulses penetrate terminal arborizations? A pre-presynaptic control mechanism. Trends Neurosci 1995;18:99-103.

Wall PD. Some unanswered questions about the mechanism and function of presynaptic inhibition. In Rudomin P, Romo R, Mendell LM, eds. Presynaptic inhibition and presynaptic control. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998;228-244.

Wall PD. Pain in context: The intellectual roots of pain research and therapy. In Devor M, Rowbotham M, Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z, eds. Progress in pain research management. Seattle: IASP Press, 2000;Vol 17.

Glees P, Wall PD. Fibre connections in the subthalamic region and the contromedial nucleus of the thalamus. Brain 1946;69:195-207.

Glees P, Wall PD. Commissural fibres of the macaque thalamus. An experi- mental study. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1948;88:129-137.

Glees P, Wall PD, Wright TA. An ensheathed rotating knife for causing brain lesions. Nature 1947;160:365.

Fulton JF, Pribram KH, Stevenson JAF, Wall PD. Interrelations between orbital gyrus, insula, temporal tip and anterior cingulated. Trans Am Neurol Assoc 1949;175-179.

Wall PD, Davis GD. Three cerebral cortical systems affecting autonomic function. J Neurophysiol 1951;14:507-518.

Wall PD, Glees P, Fulton JF. Corticofugal connections of posterior orbital surface on the rhesus monkey. Brain 1951;74:66-71.

Wall PD, McCulloch WS, Lettvin JY, Pitts W. Terminal arborisations of the cats pyramidal tract determined by a new technique. Yale J Biol 1955;28:457-464.

Dubner R. A tribute to Patrick D. Wall. Pain Suppl 1999;6:1-156.

Wall PD, Sweet WH. Temporary abolition of pain in man. Science 1967;155:108-109.

Wall PD. Excitability changes in afferent fibre terminations and their relation to slow potentials. L Physiol 1958;143:1-21.

Wall PD. Cord cells responding to touch damage and temperature of skin. J Neurophysiol 1960;23:197-210.

Wall PD. The origin of a spinal cord slow potential. J Physiol 1962;164:508-526.

Wall PD. Presynaptic control of impulses at the first central synapse in the cutaneous pathway. Prog Brain Res 1964;12;92-118.

Wall PD. The laminar organization of dorsal horn and effects of descending impulses J Physiol 1967;188:403-423.

Wall PD, Gutnick M. Properties of afferent nerve impulses originating from a neuroma. Nature 1974b;248:740-743.

Wall PD, Horwitz NH. Observations on the physiological action of strych- nine. J Neurophysiol 1951;14:257-263.

Wall PD, Johnson AR. Changes associated with post-tetanic potentiation of a monosynaptic reflex. J Neurophysiol 1958;21:148-158.

Wall PD, Lidierth M. Five sources of a dorsal root potential: Origins and interactions J Neurophysiol 1997;78:860-871.

Wall PD, Noordenbos W. Sensory functions which remain in man after complete transaction of dorsal horns. Brain 1978;100:641-653.

Wall PD, Werman R. The physiology and anatomy of long ranging afferent fibres within the spinal cord. J Physiol (London) 1976;255:321-334.

Wall PD, Woolf CJ. Muscle but not cutaneous C-afferent input produces prolonged increases in the excitability of the flexion reflex in the rat. J Physiol 1984;356:443-458.

Heimer L, Wall PD. The dorsal root distribution of the substantial gelatinosa of the rat with a note on the distribution in the cat. Experimental Brain Research 1968;6:89-99.

Howland B, Lettvin JY, McCulloch WC, Pitts W, Wall PD. Reflex inhibition by dorsal root interaction. J Neurophysiol 1955;18:1-17.

Mauro A, Wall PD, Davey LM, Scher AM. Central nervous stimulation of implanted high frequency receiver. Fed Proc 1950;9:86.

Basbaum AI, Wall PD. Choronic changes in the response of cells in adult cat dorsal horn following partial deafferentation; The apperarance of respond- ing cells in a previously non- responsive region. Brain Res 1976;116:181-204.

Wall PD, Cronly-Dillon JR. Pain, itch and vibration. Arch Neurol 1960;2:365-375.

Devor M, Wall PD. Reorganisation of spinal cord sensory map after peripheral nerve injury. Nature 1978;275:75-76.

Carlen PL, Wall PD, Nadvorna MD, Steinbach T. Pahantom limibs and related phenomena in recent traumatic amputations. Neurology 1978;28:211-217.

Barbut T, Polak JM, Wall PD. Substance P in spinal cord dorsal horn decreases following peripheral nerve injury. Brain Res 1981;205:289-298.

Allan JDB, Bultitude MI, Bultitudes MF, Wall PD, McMahon SB. The effect of capsaicin on renal pain signalling systems in humans and Wistar rats. J Physiol 1997;505:39.

Devor M, Wall PD. The effect of peripheral nerve injury on receptive fields of cells in the cat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1981a;199:277-291.

Devor M, Wall PD. Plasticity in the spinal cord sensory map following peripheral nerve injury in rats. J Neurosci 1981b;1(7):679-684.

Dostrovsky J, Millar J, Wall PD. The inmediate shift afferent drive of dorsal column nucleus cells following deafferentation: A comparison of acute and chronic deafferentation in gracile nucleus and spinal cord. Exp Neurol 1976;52:480-495.

McMahon SB, Wall PD. Plasticity in the nucleus gracilis of the rat. Exp Neurol 1983b;80:195-207.

McMahon SB, Wall PD. Receptive fields of rat lamina 1 projection cells move to incorporate a nearby region of injury. Pain 1984;19:235-247.

McMahon SB, Wall PD. Descending excitation and inhibition of spinal cord lamina 1 projection neurons. J Neurophysiol 1988;59:1204-1219.

Lidierth M, Wall PD. Synchronous inherent oscillations of potentials within the rat lumbar cord. Neurosci Lett 1996;220:25-28.

Lidierth M, Wall PD. Superficial dorsal horn cells connected to the Lissauer tract and their relation to the dorsal root potential. J Neurophysiol 1997;80:667-679.

Noordenbos PD, Wall PD. Diverse sensory functions with an almost divided spinal cord. A case of spinal cord transection with preservation of part of one anterolateral quadrant. Pain 1976;2:185-195.

Noordenbos W, Wall PD. Implications of the failure of nerve resection and graft to cure chronic pain produced by nerve lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 1981;44:1068-1073.

Wall PD, Devor M. The effect on peripheral nerve injury on dorsal root potentials and on transmission of afferent signals into the spinal cord. Brain Res 1981;209:95-111.

Wall PD, Devor M. Sensory afferent impulses from dorsal root ganglia as well as from the periphery in normal and nerve injured rats. Pain 1983;17:321-339.

Wall PD, Woolf CJ. The brief and the prolonged facilitatory effects of unmyelinated afferent input on the rat spinal cord are independently influecend by peripheral nerve injury. Neuroscience 1986;17:1199-1206.

Wall PD, Yaksh TL. Effect of Lissauer tract stimulation on activity in dorsal roots and in ventral roots. Exp Neurol 1978;60:570-583.

Wall PD, Waxman S, Basbaum AI. Ongoing activity in peripherañ nerve: 111. Injury discharge. Exp Neurol 1974;45:576-589.

Wall PD, Fitzgerald M, Nussbaumer JC, Van Der Loos H, Devor M. Somatotopic maps are disorganized in adult rodents treated with capsaicin as neonates. Nature 1982a;295:691- 693.

Wall PD, Scadding JW, Tomkiewicz MM. The production and prevention of experimental anaesthesia dolorosa. Pain 1979b;6:175-182.

Wall PD, Devor M, Inbal R, Scadding JW, Schonfeld D, Seltzer Z, Tomkiewicz MM. Autotomy following peripheral nerve lesions; Experimental anaesthesia dolorosa. Pain 1979a;7:103-113.

Wall PD, Fitzgerald M, Woolf CJ. Effects of capsaicin on receptive fields and on inhibitions in rat spinal cord. Exp Neurol 1982b;78:425-436.

Egger MD, Wall PD. The plantar cushion reflex circuit: An oligosynaptic reflex. J Physiol 1971;216:483-501.

El-sobky A, Dostrovsky JO, Wall PD. Lack of effect of naloxone on pain perception in humans. Nature 1976; 263:783-784.

Fitzgerald M, Wall PD, Geodert M, Emson PC. Nerve growth factor counteracts the neurophysiological and neurochemical effects of chronic sciatic nerve injury. Brain Res 1985;332:131-41.

McMahon SB, Wall PD. A system of rat spinal cord lamina 1 cells projecting through the contralateral dorsolateral funiculus. J Comp Neurol 1983a;214:217-223.

Nussbaumer JC, Wall PD. Expansion of receptive fields in the mouse cortical barrelfield after administration of capsaicin to neonates or local application on the infraorbital nerve in adults. Brain Res 1985;360:1-9.

Scadding JW, Wall PD, Wynn Parry CB, Brooks Dm. Clinical trial of propranolol in post- traumatic neuralgia. Pain 1982;14:283-292.

Thompson SWN, Wall PD. The effect of GABA and 5-HT antagonists on rat dorsal root potentials. Neurosci Lett 1996;217:153-156.

Wall PD. The presence of ineffective synapses and the circumstances which unmask them. Philos Trans R Soc London B 1977;278:361-372.

Wall PD, Fitzgerald M. Effects of capsaicin applied locally to adult peripheral nerve. 1. Physiology of peripheral nerve and spinal cord. Pain 1981;11:363-377.

Wall PD, Gutnick M. Ongoing activity in peripheral nerves: 11. The physiology and pharmacology of impulses originating in a neuroma. Exp neurol1947a;43:580-593.

Wall PD, Mills R, Fitzgerald M, Gibson SJ. Chronic blockade of sciatic nerve transmission by tetrodotoxin does not produce central changes in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of the rat. Neurosci Lett 1982c;30:315-320.

Wall PD, Lidierth M, Hillman P. Brief and prolonged effects of lissauer tract stimulation on dorsal horn cells. Pain 1999;83:579-589.

Woolf CJ, Wall PD. The relative effectiveness of C-primary afferents of different origins in evoking a prolonged facilitation on the flexor reflex in the rat. J Neurosci 1986;6:1433-1442.